Not Every Enlarged Abdomen Is Pyometra
Abdominal distension in dogs can result from several conditions, including organ enlargement, fluid accumulation, pregnancy, uterine disease, or an intra-abdominal mass. Although the radiographic appearance in this patient initially resembled an enlarged tubular abdominal structure, further clinical assessment identified the spleen as the source of the marked abdominal enlargement.
The patient had severe splenomegaly associated with multiple large splenic masses. Splenic tumors may be benign or malignant, and their appearance alone cannot reliably determine the tumor type. Hemangiosarcoma is an important differential diagnosis in dogs, but definitive identification requires histopathologic examination of the excised tissue.
Because of the extent of splenic involvement, a complete splenectomy was performed. An ultrasonic vessel-sealing device was used to dissect tissue and seal the splenic blood vessels. This technology supports controlled hemostasis, reduces the need for multiple conventional ligatures, and helps maintain a clearer operative field during removal of a highly vascular organ.
The enlarged and abnormal spleen was successfully removed. The patient remained stable during postoperative monitoring and recovered satisfactorily following surgery.
This case highlights the importance of a systematic diagnostic approach to abdominal enlargement. Radiography can help identify organ displacement and abnormal soft-tissue structures, while ultrasonography, laboratory testing, surgical exploration, and histopathology may be required to establish the underlying cause and guide further treatment.
Clinical Presentation: Marked abdominal distension associated with severe splenic enlargement
Diagnostic Approach: Abdominal imaging and clinical assessment to determine the organ of origin
Surgical Intervention: Complete splenectomy using ultrasonic vessel-sealing technology
Outcome: Enlarged spleen successfully removed; patient stable with satisfactory postoperative recovery
Case handled by Dr. Enrique A. Guioguio.
Dr. Enrique A. Guioguio
Attending Veterinarian
